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(by) osmosis 「じわじわと広がって」「いつの間にか身について」 [単語・表現]
液体に関係のある capillarity や siphon off を紹介した流れで、今回は osmosis を取り上げたい。科学用語の「浸透（性）」のほか、「知識や情報、考えなどが少しづつ浸透・普及・身につくこと」を指し、けっこう目にする表現だ。
by や though を伴うことが多い。英語圏の辞書から、わかりやすい説明と例文を引用しよう。なお発音は、最初の s は /z/ と濁る音で、強勢は2つ目の o にある。
- a gradual process in which information and ideas influence you without you realizing it
I picked up the language mainly by osmosis.
(Macmillan Dictionary)
- Osmosis is also the process by which ideas and information are absorbed without conscious effort: Children often learn by osmosis.
(Cambridge Dictionary of American English)
- acquiring knowledge without actually seeking it
It was through osmosis that I learned about this blatantly undesirable video game.
(Urban Dictionary)
- If you learn facts or understand ideas by osmosis, you gradually learn them by hearing them often
Children learn new languages by osmosis.
He seems to absorb information through a process of osmosis.
(Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English)
私が読んだペーパーバックからメモしていた例もあげておきたい。前者は、映画「幸せの黄色いハンカチ」の元ネタとなったコラムを書いた作家ピート・ハミルによるマスメディア関係の本、後者は、007「ロシアより愛をこめて」の原作小説にあったもの。
- Most of all, editors must learn by osmosis, by having daily lives among their readers. One of the saddest truths about today's newspapers is that too many of their editors live in the suburbs.
(Pete Hamill: News Is a Verb)
- After ten, twenty, a hundred death-rattles, the human being, however sub-human he may be, acquires, perhaps by a process of osmosis with death itself, a germ of death which enters his body and eats into him like a canker. （canker: 潰瘍、害毒、弊害）
(Ian Fleming: From Russia with Love)
「浸透」の方についての英語辞典の説明は、やはり難しめな単語が並んでいるが、その中でもわかりやすいものを引用したい。しかし、なぜかこの辞書は知識や考えについて使われることは説明していない。
- the process in plants and animals by which a liquid moves gradually from one part of the body or the plant to another through a membrane (= cell covering): Fluid flows back into the tiny blood vessels by osmosis.
(Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary)
関連記事：
・distill 「にじみ出る」「（良い物を）抜き出す」「まとめる」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-04-03
・instill 「（考えを・人に）徐々に吹き込む・植えつける」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-04-02
・trickle down 「したたり落ちる」、trickle-down theory 「トリクルダウン理論」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-04-01
・siphon off 「吸い上げる」「しぼり取る」「かすめ取る」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-03-28
・capillary 「毛細血管」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-03-26
by や though を伴うことが多い。英語圏の辞書から、わかりやすい説明と例文を引用しよう。なお発音は、最初の s は /z/ と濁る音で、強勢は2つ目の o にある。
- a gradual process in which information and ideas influence you without you realizing it
I picked up the language mainly by osmosis.
(Macmillan Dictionary)
- Osmosis is also the process by which ideas and information are absorbed without conscious effort: Children often learn by osmosis.
(Cambridge Dictionary of American English)
- acquiring knowledge without actually seeking it
It was through osmosis that I learned about this blatantly undesirable video game.
(Urban Dictionary)
- If you learn facts or understand ideas by osmosis, you gradually learn them by hearing them often
Children learn new languages by osmosis.
He seems to absorb information through a process of osmosis.
(Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English)
私が読んだペーパーバックからメモしていた例もあげておきたい。前者は、映画「幸せの黄色いハンカチ」の元ネタとなったコラムを書いた作家ピート・ハミルによるマスメディア関係の本、後者は、007「ロシアより愛をこめて」の原作小説にあったもの。
- Most of all, editors must learn by osmosis, by having daily lives among their readers. One of the saddest truths about today's newspapers is that too many of their editors live in the suburbs.
(Pete Hamill: News Is a Verb)
- After ten, twenty, a hundred death-rattles, the human being, however sub-human he may be, acquires, perhaps by a process of osmosis with death itself, a germ of death which enters his body and eats into him like a canker. （canker: 潰瘍、害毒、弊害）
(Ian Fleming: From Russia with Love)
「浸透」の方についての英語辞典の説明は、やはり難しめな単語が並んでいるが、その中でもわかりやすいものを引用したい。しかし、なぜかこの辞書は知識や考えについて使われることは説明していない。
- the process in plants and animals by which a liquid moves gradually from one part of the body or the plant to another through a membrane (= cell covering): Fluid flows back into the tiny blood vessels by osmosis.
(Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary)
関連記事：
・distill 「にじみ出る」「（良い物を）抜き出す」「まとめる」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-04-03
・instill 「（考えを・人に）徐々に吹き込む・植えつける」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-04-02
・trickle down 「したたり落ちる」、trickle-down theory 「トリクルダウン理論」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-04-01
・siphon off 「吸い上げる」「しぼり取る」「かすめ取る」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-03-28
・capillary 「毛細血管」
http://eigo-kobako.blog.so-net.ne.jp/2013-03-26
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